Research in Vestibular Science

Diagnosis and Management of Vestibular Schwannoma: Focus on Dizziness: Sung Il Nam; Res Vestib Sci. 2021;20(4):119-125. Published online December 15, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2021.20.4.119

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Vestibular schwannoma (VS) is commonly encountered in the cerebellopontine angle and benign neoplasms that arise from Schwann cells of the eighth cranial nerve, which can show not only hearing loss but also various vestibular symptoms. Dizziness is the symptom causing significantly negative effect on quality of life in patients with VS. Here, we will review the dizziness in VS.

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Impairment of Vestibular Function in Patients with Vestibular Schwannoma According to the Presence of Dizziness
Youngjeong Lee, Se A Lee, Eek-Sung Lee, Tae-Kyeong Lee, Jong Dae Lee
Research in Vestibular Science.2022; 21(3): 75. CrossRef

Vestibular Histopathology in Temporal Bone: Sung Il Nam; Res Vestib Sci. 2018;17(4):130-133. Published online December 21, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2018.17.4.130

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Abstract PDF: There are a number of reports on the pathologies of vestibular disorders. However, these studies included only a few examples, which were not quantitative but merely anecdotal or descriptive. However, a single tissue section may be relevant to a specific disease in multiple ways. The histopathological characteristics of common peripheral vestibulopathies, including benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Ménière’s syndrome, labyrinthitis, vestibular neuritis, and ototoxicity, have been described. A recent study validated a new quantitative method for determining vestibular otopathology. Detailed quantitative analyses of vestibular pathology are required to obtain a deeper understanding of the vestibular system. Such studies will likely reveal the pathophysiological causes of specific diseases by elucidating the correlations between structural and functional features. Therefore, histopathological studies of vestibular disorders should be performed.

Bacterial Meningitis Initially Presenting as Labyrinthitis: Bon Min Koo, Sung Il Nam, Soon Hyung Park; Res Vestib Sci. 2017;16(2):69-72. Published online June 15, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2017.16.2.69

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Abstract PDF: Labyrinthitis causes damage to inner ear structure, and in turn hearing loss and vertigo. Labyrinthitis is classified as otogenic labyrinthitis and meningogenic labyrinthitis. Otogenic labyrinthitis can be diagnosed early through otoscopic examination. However, when there are no characteristic neurologic symptoms in patients with meningogenic labyrinthitis, clinicians can overlook the underlying meningitis and this may lead to the peripheral vertigo. We encountered an unusual case of meningogenic labyrinthitis that is misdiagnosed as peripheral dizziness.

Vestibular Paroxysmia Mimicking Benign Parxysmal Positional Vertigo: Hyuk Ki Cho, Ye Won Lee, Soon Hyung Park, Sung Il Nam; Res Vestib Sci. 2016;15(4):141-146. Published online December 12, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2016.15.4.141

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Abstract PDF: Vestibular paroxysmia is the name given to the syndrome caused by vascular compression of the vestibulocochlear nerve. The main symptoms of vestibular paroxysmia are recurrent, spontaneous, brief attacks of spinning, non-spinning vertigo or positional vertigo that generally last less than one minute, with or without ear symptoms (tinnitus and hypoacusis). Prior to attributing a patient’s symptoms to vestibular paroxysmia, however, clinicians must exclude common conditions like benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Menière’s disease, vestibular neuritis and vestibular migraine. This is usually possible with a thorough history and bedside vestibular/ocular motor examination. Herein, we describe a patient with vestibular paroxysmia that mimicked resolved BPPV with a literature review.

Medications as Risk Factor for Falls: Ye Won Lee, Sung Il Nam; Res Vestib Sci. 2016;15(4):101-106. Published online December 12, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2016.15.4.101

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Falls are the most common cause of accidents among the older population, leading to both fatal and non-fatal injuries. Falls is a syndrome resulting from the cumulative effect of various extrinsic and intrinsic factors. It is considered to be a multifactorial disorder. Medication use is considered a risk factor for falls. We reviewed medications associated with falls in older individuals. In geriatrics populations, polypharmacy is associated with falls. Medical doctors should be aware of the possibility that starting a new medication, such as antihypertensive agents, benzodiazepine, antidepressants, opioid agents and antihistamines, may act as a trigger for the onset of a fall.

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A model for predicting fall experience in the elderly population over 65 years old: Decision tree analysis
Myeunghee Han
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2022; 24(4): 366. CrossRef
Medications and Falls Experiences among Older People
Jiyoon Han, Eunok Park
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2021; 23(4): 373. CrossRef
Triggers and Outcomes of Falls in Hematology Patients: Analysis of Electronic Health Records
Min Kyung Jung, Sun-Mi Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursi.2019; 26(1): 1. CrossRef

Multicenter Study on the Clinician’s Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches for Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in Korea: Eun Ju Jeon, Won Ho Chung, Jeong Hwan Choi, Eui Cheol Nam, Hong Ju Park, Jong Dae Lee, Won Sang Lee, Kyu Sung Kim, Eui Kyung Goh, Ja Won Koo, Min Bum Kim, Min Beom Kim, Se Hyung Kim, Young Jin Kim, Chang Hee Kim, Sung Il Nam, Seog Kyun Mun, Ga Young Park, Sang Yoo Park, Shi Nae Park, Chang Hoon Bae, Sung Hyun Boo, Myung Whan Suh, Jae Hyun Seo, Eun Jin Son, Jae Jun Song, Jae Jin Song, Joong Wook Shin, Dae Bo Shim, Seong Ki Ahn, Hye Youn Youm, Shin Young Yoo, Dong Hee Lee, Seung Hwan Lee, Chang Ho Lee, Hyun Seok Lee, Hwan Ho Lee, Hyo Jeong Lee, Yun Hoon Choung, Seung Hyo Choi, Jee Sun Choi, Seok Min Hong, Sung Kwang Hong; Res Vestib Sci. 2013;12(3):79-92.

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Abstract: Background and Objectives: It is necessary to establish the most efficient diagnostic and therapeutic method for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), which is appropriate for Korean healthcare system. We aimed to evaluate current state of Korean clinician’s diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for BPPV. Materials and Methods: A 16-item survey was emailed to the members of dizziness department of Otology Research Interest Group in the Korean Otologic Society (n=68). 43 were returned and analyzed. Results: All respondents (100%) used Dix-Hallpike test as a diagnostic tool for vertical canal-BPPV. Supine roll test was used for diagnosing lateral canal BPPV in nearly all the respondents (97.7%). Epley maneuver was chosen as otolith repositioning maneuver (ORM) for posterior canal BPPV in all respondents and barbecue rotation (BBQ) was used for treating lateral canal BPPV with geotropic nystagmus in 95.3% of respondents. Extreme variation was noted for therapeutic approach of lateral canal BPPV with ageotropic nystagmus BBQ, with 4 kinds of ORM and adjunctive measures to liberate otolith from cupula, while BBQ was again the most commonly used ORM (76.7%). Conclusion: The development of practical and efficient ORM for lateral canal BPPV with ageotropic nystagmus is necessary.

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo After Cochlear Implantation: Jong Won Park, Min Ju Park, Ye Won Lee, Sung Il Nam; Res Vestib Sci. 2013;12(1):35-38.

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Abstract: Cochlear implantation (CI) has enabled hearing rehabilitation of patients with severe hearing impairment for more than 20 years now. There have been reported that one possible complication of CI is the impairment of balance function with resulting vertigo symptoms. CI still implies trauma on the labyrinthine structures to allow the electrode system to be inserted into the cochlear turns. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is an uncommon development after CI. We experienced an 80-year-old woman who had immediate onset of vertigo after CI, which diagnosed in postoperative one day after CI. In postoperative videonystagmography, no spontaneous nystagmus was observed, but in right Dix-Hallpike, torsional nystagmus, where the top of the eye rotates towards the right ear in beating fashion. Vertigo improved after modified Epley maneuver. However there was one recurrence after 12 days later. The case is described along with a review of the literature.

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